Presentation Type

Oral Presentation

Presentation Type

Submission

Keywords

Rudolph Dunbar, composer, Aristotle, philia, William Grant Still, black, patriotism, World War II

Department

African-American Studies

Major

English - Writing and Rhetoric

Abstract

The 20th century was a monumental time for Black composers, especially for those in the UK. Rudolph Dunbar was the first black musician to perform at Royal Albert Hall in London, England. During this time, correspondence between him and William Grant Still, a famous black composer based in America, exists. Still’s rhetorical choices in these letters demonstrate the attitudes of these composers, specifically Still, and how these choices reflect the success of Dunbar’s career. Still, whose compositions started gaining traction in the 1930s, often praised Dunbar for his achievements. These letters all take place during World War II and during a time when racial tensions ran high. This paper seeks to analyze the rhetorical epistolary strategies used by black composers and how it might signal their success in a world full of opposition. This paper examines how Still’s letters exhibit a clear tonal philia, a brotherly love, towards Dunbar, and this direct representation illustrates a patriotic tone embodied in the musical compositions of both England and the United States during a tumultuous time of war.

Faculty Mentor

Dr. Joi Carr

Funding Source or Research Program

Academic Year Undergraduate Research Initiative

Location

Black Family Plaza Classroom 189

Start Date

10-4-2026 2:30 PM

End Date

10-4-2026 2:45 PM

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Apr 10th, 2:30 PM Apr 10th, 2:45 PM

Patriotism, Philia, and Stereotyping During World War II: Correspondence Between Black Composers

Black Family Plaza Classroom 189

The 20th century was a monumental time for Black composers, especially for those in the UK. Rudolph Dunbar was the first black musician to perform at Royal Albert Hall in London, England. During this time, correspondence between him and William Grant Still, a famous black composer based in America, exists. Still’s rhetorical choices in these letters demonstrate the attitudes of these composers, specifically Still, and how these choices reflect the success of Dunbar’s career. Still, whose compositions started gaining traction in the 1930s, often praised Dunbar for his achievements. These letters all take place during World War II and during a time when racial tensions ran high. This paper seeks to analyze the rhetorical epistolary strategies used by black composers and how it might signal their success in a world full of opposition. This paper examines how Still’s letters exhibit a clear tonal philia, a brotherly love, towards Dunbar, and this direct representation illustrates a patriotic tone embodied in the musical compositions of both England and the United States during a tumultuous time of war.